How would the DNA in two homologous chromosomes compare together?

Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that have the same genes at the same loci, but they can have different versions of those genes, known as alleles. This means that while the overall structure and position of the genes are the same on both chromosomes, the specific variations of those genes (alleles) can differ. For instance, one chromosome might carry an allele for blue eye color, while the other might carry an allele for brown eye color. This genetic variability is important for evolution and the diversity of traits in a population.

The other options do not reflect this relationship accurately. For example, saying that homologous chromosomes would have completely different genes would disregard their common structural purpose in carrying genetic information. Stating that they contain the same alleles misrepresents the potential genetic diversity, while claiming they would be identical in structure ignores the existence of variations in alleles across homologs.