What will happen according to the Law of Independent Assortment?

The Law of Independent Assortment, a fundamental principle in genetics formulated by Gregor Mendel, states that alleles for different traits segregate independently of one another during the formation of gametes. This means that the inheritance of one trait (and its corresponding alleles) does not affect the inheritance of another trait. For instance, if you are considering two traits, such as seed shape and seed color in pea plants, the allele for seed shape will be distributed to gametes independently of the allele for seed color.

Thus, when forming gametes, each pair of alleles segregates independently, allowing for a variety of combinations of traits. This principle is vital for predicting the distribution of inherited traits in offspring. The concept that alleles segregate equally during gamete formation reflects the random assortment of chromosomes that occurs during meiosis, leading to genetic variation in the resulting gametes.

Other options do not correctly represent the implications of the Law of Independent Assortment. For example, the assertion that dominant alleles will outperform recessive ones refers more to dominance relationships rather than how alleles assort. The claim that physical traits are inherited in pairs pertains more directly to Mendel's principle of dominance and does not capture the essence of independent assortment