Which stage of the cell cycle involves DNA synthesis?

The stage of the cell cycle that specifically involves DNA synthesis is referred to as "Synthesis," commonly known as the S phase. During this period, the cell's genetic material is replicated, resulting in two identical copies of each chromosome. This is crucial for cell division, as each daughter cell must receive an exact copy of the DNA.

In the S phase, various proteins and enzymes are activated to facilitate the unwinding of the DNA double helix and the assembly of new nucleotides to form two separate strands. This process ensures that before a cell divides, it has two complete sets of chromosomes, which is essential for maintaining the correct genetic information across generations of cells.

The G1 phase involves cell growth and preparation for DNA synthesis, but no actual replication occurs. The G2 phase follows DNA synthesis and serves as a period for further growth and preparation for mitosis, ensuring that the cell is ready to divide. Mitosis, on the other hand, is when the replicated chromosomes are separated and distributed into two daughter cells, but does not involve DNA synthesis itself.